Teaching Guide: Creating Hortatory Exposition Texts Related to Actual Issues

 

Teaching Guide: Creating Hortatory Exposition Texts Related to Actual Issues

Introduction

In English language education, writing is a crucial skill that helps students express their ideas and arguments. One specific genre that focuses on persuasion is the hortatory exposition text. This type of text aims to convince the reader or listener to agree with a point of view or to take a specific action regarding an issue. This guide will explore the structure, language features, and strategies for teaching students how to create hortatory exposition texts related to real-world issues.

Objectives:

• Understand the purpose of hortatory exposition texts.
• Identify the structure and linguistic features of hortatory exposition texts.
• Develop skills to write convincing hortatory exposition texts.
• Apply these skills to discuss and persuade others on actual issues.

---

1. Understanding Hortatory Exposition Texts

Definition:

A hortatory exposition text is a type of argumentative writing that seeks to persuade the audience to act or think in a particular way. It presents a point of view on a topic, provides arguments and evidence to support that view, and concludes with a recommendation.

Purpose:

• To persuade the reader or listener to agree with the author's point of view.
• To encourage the audience to take specific actions in response to the issue discussed.

Examples of Actual Issues:

• Climate change and environmental protection.
• The importance of vaccination.
• Implementing renewable energy sources.
• Addressing bullying in schools.
• The necessity of digital literacy in education.

---

2. Structure of Hortatory Exposition Texts

Hortatory exposition texts typically follow a clear and organized structure, consisting of three main parts:

Structure Component	Description	Example
Thesis	Introduces the topic and states the writer's point of view or argument. Sets the stage for the arguments that follow.	"Climate change is a pressing issue that requires immediate global action to mitigate its devastating effects."
Arguments	Provides a series of arguments to support the thesis. Each argument should be supported with evidence, facts, statistics, or expert opinions to strengthen the case.	"Firstly, rising global temperatures lead to extreme weather events such as hurricanes and droughts."
Recommendation	Concludes the text by restating the writer's stance and urging the audience to take action. This section should leave a strong impression and encourage change or action.	"Therefore, governments and individuals must reduce carbon emissions by embracing renewable energy solutions."

Example Structure:

1. Thesis:
   Present the main idea or opinion about the issue.
2. Arguments:
• Argument 1: Explanation and evidence.
• Argument 2: Explanation and evidence.
• Argument 3: Explanation and evidence.
3. Recommendation:
   Provide a clear recommendation or call to action.

---

3. Linguistic Features of Hortatory Exposition Texts

Hortatory exposition texts use specific language features to persuade and engage the audience effectively:

Linguistic Feature	Description	Example
Present Tense	Utilizes the present tense to discuss current issues and arguments.	"Climate change is affecting the entire planet."
Modality	Uses modal verbs to express necessity, possibility, or obligation.	"Governments must take action immediately."
Connectives	Employs conjunctions and transitional phrases to connect ideas and arguments logically.	"Furthermore," "Moreover," "In addition," "Therefore," "Thus"
Emotive Language	Incorporates language that evokes emotions to engage and persuade the audience.	"It is alarming that polar ice caps are melting at an unprecedented rate."
Evaluative Language	Uses evaluative language to express opinions and judgments.	"critical," "vital," "essential," "important"
Causal Conjunctions	Indicates cause-and-effect relationships between ideas.	"because," "due to," "as a result of"

Example Sentences:

1. Present Tense:
• "Air pollution is a significant threat to public health."
2. Modality:
• "We should implement stricter regulations on industrial emissions."
3. Connectives:
• "In addition, deforestation contributes to biodiversity loss."
4. Emotive Language:
• "It is devastating to witness the destruction of our natural habitats."
5. Evaluative Language:
• "It is essential that we prioritize renewable energy development."
6. Causal Conjunctions:
• "Deforestation contributes to climate change because it reduces carbon absorption."

---

4. Examples of Hortatory Exposition Texts

Example 1: Environmental Issue

Title: Protect Our Oceans: Ban Plastic Waste

Thesis:
Plastic pollution is a growing problem that threatens marine life and ecosystems worldwide. It is crucial to implement a ban on plastic waste to protect our oceans.

Arguments:

1. Harm to Marine Life:
   Marine animals such as turtles, fish, and seabirds often mistake plastic for food, leading to injury, suffocation, or death. Research indicates that over one million marine animals die each year due to plastic pollution.
2. Long-lasting Pollution:
   Plastic waste is non-biodegradable and persists in the environment for hundreds of years, breaking down into microplastics that contaminate the food chain. This pollution harms marine life and can even impact human health through seafood consumption.
3. Sustainable Alternatives Available:
   There are many eco-friendly alternatives to single-use plastics, including biodegradable materials and reusable products. These options are not only environmentally friendly but also economically viable in the long run.

Recommendation:
Therefore, governments and businesses should ban plastic waste and encourage the use of sustainable alternatives. By doing so, we can protect marine life and preserve our oceans for future generations.

Example 2: Educational Issue

Title: Embrace Digital Literacy: A Necessity for Modern Education

Thesis:
In today's technology-driven world, digital literacy is essential for students' success. Schools must integrate digital literacy into their curricula to prepare students for future challenges.

Arguments:

1. Relevance in the Modern World:
   The ability to navigate digital platforms is a critical skill in almost every industry. Students who lack digital literacy may find themselves at a disadvantage in the job market.
2. Enhances Learning Opportunities:
   Digital tools offer access to a wealth of information and resources, allowing students to engage in interactive and personalized learning experiences. This enhances their understanding and retention of complex subjects.
3. Fosters Critical Thinking and Creativity:
   Digital literacy encourages students to think critically about the information they consume and to express their ideas creatively using digital tools. These skills are invaluable in fostering innovation and problem-solving abilities.

Recommendation:
Schools must prioritize digital literacy education to equip students with the skills necessary for success in the 21st century. By doing so, we ensure that our students are ready to thrive in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

---

5. Teaching Activities for Hortatory Exposition Texts

Here are some activities designed to help students understand and practice creating hortatory exposition texts:

Activity 1: Analyzing Text Structure

Objective:
To help students identify the structure of hortatory exposition texts.

Instructions:

1. Provide students with a sample hortatory exposition text.
2. Ask students to identify and label the thesis, arguments, and recommendation in the text.
3. Discuss how each part contributes to the overall persuasive effect of the text.

Activity 2: Language Feature Identification

Objective:
To develop students' awareness of linguistic features in hortatory exposition texts.

Instructions:

1. Distribute a hortatory exposition text to the students.
2. Have students highlight examples of modality, connectives, emotive language, and evaluative language.
3. Discuss how these features are used to persuade the audience effectively.

Activity 3: Writing a Hortatory Exposition Text

Objective:
To practice writing hortatory exposition texts on actual issues.

Instructions:

1. Ask students to choose a current issue they are passionate about (e.g., climate change, online learning, healthy eating).
2. Instruct students to write a hortatory exposition text, including a thesis, arguments, and recommendation.
3. Encourage peer review sessions where students provide feedback on each other's work, focusing on structure and language use.

Activity 4: Debate and Discussion

Objective:
To enhance students' oral persuasion skills through debate.

Instructions:

1. Divide the class into two groups and select a controversial issue for debate.
2. Assign each group a position (for or against) and allow time for preparation.
3. Conduct the debate, encouraging students to use arguments and language features from hortatory exposition texts.

---

6. Evaluation and Assessment

To assess students' understanding and skills in creating hortatory exposition texts, consider the following evaluation methods:

• Written Assessment:
  Provide students with an essay prompt related to an actual issue and ask them to write a hortatory exposition text. Assess their work based on structure, clarity of arguments, language use, and persuasiveness.
• Project Work:
  Assign students a project where they research a current issue and create a hortatory exposition text supported by data and evidence. Evaluate their research, argumentation, and presentation skills.
• Peer Review:
  Have students exchange their written texts and provide constructive feedback, focusing on identifying the thesis, arguments, and recommendations.
• Oral Presentation:
  Ask students to present their hortatory exposition texts to the class, assessing their ability to articulate their arguments clearly and persuasively.

---

7. Summary Table

Here’s a summary table to highlight the key aspects of hortatory exposition texts:

Aspect	Description	Example
Purpose	To persuade the audience to agree with the author's viewpoint or take specific action.	Persuasive articles, opinion essays, editorial pieces.
Structure	Thesis: States the writer's point of view. Arguments: Presents arguments supporting the thesis. Recommendation: Concludes with a call to action.	Thesis: "Vaccination is crucial for public health." Arguments: "Vaccines prevent deadly diseases. Recommendation: "Everyone should get vaccinated."
Linguistic Features	Present Tense: Current facts and issues. Modality: Expresses obligation. Connectives: Links ideas. Emotive Language: Evokes emotions. Evaluative Language: Expresses judgment.	Present Tense: "is," "are. Modality: "must," "should." Connectives: "Moreover," "Furthermore Emotive Language: "urgent," "alarming."

---

Conclusion

Through this workshop, we have explored the key components of creating effective hortatory exposition texts. By understanding the purpose, structure, and linguistic features, teachers can guide students in crafting persuasive texts on real-world issues. Encouraging students to engage with current topics not only enhances their writing skills but also fosters critical thinking and informed citizenship.

Discussion and Q&A:

Feel free to ask any questions or share insights during the workshop. Let's work together to empower our students with the skills they need to express their voices and make a difference.

Dapatkan Selengkapnya Disini

DAFTAR KONTEN 

PART ONE

PART TWO

PART THREE

PART FOUR

PART FIVE

PART SIX

PART SEVEN

PART EIGHT

PART NINE

PART ELEVEN

PART TEN

Workshop Pelatihan: 006

Workshop 007

Workshop 008

Teaching Guide: Creating Hortatory Exposition Texts Related to Actual Issues